Support And Business Intelligence Systems - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Support And Business Intelligence Systems. Answer: Business Intelligence Every business organisation has to perform various functions to operate its business. The accounting function is one of those functions which has its own significance for the business. It includes collecting, analysing and recording the relevant business data in financial terms. Accounting function facilitates the maintenance of records of all the important elements of the business such as assets, liabilities, revenues, expenditures etc. The function of accounting therefore supports the business by providing necessary information to the business managers to make sound economic decisions. Previously, the accountants were manually involved in handling the accounting function. Due to the wide range of accounting activities such as collecting, recording, summarising, interpreting, analysing and reporting the data in the form of financial reports the accountants used to find it quite cumbersome. But, with the advancement of the technologies in the recent era, the accounting function has b ecome easier to be undertaken by the business managers in limited time with more accuracy. The development of business intelligence has contributed immensely to reduce the complexities of accounting function. Business intelligence is the concept that is technology driven (Chen, Chiang Storey, 2012). It is used to analyse the data and present the actionable information that aids business managers, executives and other users from corporate end in making informed decisions for their business (Negash, 2004). Business intelligence encompasses a wide range of tools, methodologies and advanced applications which facilitate collection of the useful data for the business organisation, from various sources within and from outside the business. The tools of BI can be used to create various statistical reports and data visualisations so that the results can be analysed and made available to the corporate decision makers. The potential benefits of the BI tools lies in accelerated and improved decision, increased operational efficiencies and optimised internal business processes. In the area of accounting function business intelligence plays great role. It has facilitated improved decision making by providing right financial information on the right time to the management of the business so that they can take required actions on time. It involves developing those systems and processes which can collect, transform and consolidate the internally or externally generated organisational data in the data warehouses that is easily accessible. The application of business intelligence helps the business managers in analysing the complex accounting data and hence it is majorly used as analytical tool by the organisations these days. The analysed data helps the business managers in understanding the financial results of its important transactions and events. The information provided by the use of important tools of business intelligence facilitates improved decision making (Turban, Sharda Delen, 2011). With the use of business intelligence various accounting functions can be performed in the shortest possible time with greater accuracy. The concept of business intelligence is even broader than the technology as it provides wide range of tools to support the accounting and financing of the business. It not only helps in analysing the financial but also non-financial data that is important to operate business successfully. The traditional accounting software that were used before the introduction of business intelligence were based on the core principles which could deliver income statement, balance sheet and the cash flow statements but they could not deliver insights for effective management of business. Therefore, the firms used to get trapped down by the huge time that was consumed for editing and working with the static data that used to be reported by these software. However, the tools of business intelligence functions in dynamic manner to provide more actionable information regarding the financial performance of the firms. Thus it makes available the real time data with no time lag. Also, business intelligence often uses the tools like key performance indicators to allow the managers to assess the current financial position of the business and thereby recommending the appropriate course of action (Elbashir, Collier Davern, 2008). The implementation of BI also facilitates the prompt availabilit y of financial data so that the quick actions can be taken on the correct time without the delays. Before the development of business intelligence tools the business managers had to wait for the accountants to provide them relevant financial information which was typically provided on the annual basis (Anandarajan, Anandarajan Srinivasan, 2012). Therefore, business intelligence has enabled the firms to quickly respond to the changes that occurs in the financial condition of the company (Williams Williams, 2010). The implication of Business intelligence may threaten few accounting roles in respect to production of management information but at the same time, it also offers new opportunities to develop the projects in the areas of finance transformation. The implementation of business intelligence tools and applications to the business also releases the capacity of management accountant to adopt decision support roles so as to improve the overall decision making. With the increased complexities of businesses in the current era, the need for management and financial information has increased and business intelligence has successfully evolved to serve those information needs. Business intelligence has matured itself as a technology and has expanded its scope to cover the analytical and reporting tools and also the performance measurement tools that can be used by the accountants (Watson Wixom, 2007). The use of BI tools and methodologies can create competitive advantage for the companies over the similar firms operating in the same industry. Business intelligence is also appreciated because of its cost effectiveness. The implementation of business intelligence technologies can enable the management accountants to provide a broader range of information to the users in easily accessible formats. The BI software not only facilitates the reporting and monitoring of accounting information but also supports forward looking analysis by combining financial as well non-financial data (Turban, Sharda Delen, 2011). It also releases accountants from the rigorous reporting cycle to accept decision supportive roles. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development and implementation of business intelligence in the accounting function has not resulted in the reduced role of accountants. Rather, it has made them more responsible towards the strategic objectives of the business. These management accountants are now required to perform strategic functions and they are no more the mere spectators in the organisation which has adopted the business intelligence. Overview of Ransomware attack 2017: Wannacry is one of the major cyber-attacks that occurred in May, 2017. A crypto-worm named as wannacry was involved in this attack to disrupt the functioning of organisations which were using Microsoft windows as their operating systems. The malware encrypted the important data of various corporate bodies and then demanded ransom in the form of crypto-currency termed as Bitcoin to release the significant data of the victims (Mohurle Patil, 2017). The main organisations that were majorly impacted by the attack were from Ukraine, India, Taiwan and Russia. The National Health Service organisations were also severely affected by the Wannacry attack (Perlroth, Scott Frenkel, 2017). Key risk areas which can be exposed to the Ransomware attack: Patients health: The most critical area which can be affected by the Ransomware attack as the patients of the hospitals can be injured due to such attacks either temporarily or permanent. These attacks may result into performance of inadequate medical acts or the turning off typical medical devices that were actively functioning before the attack. Records of patients: The management of the hospital maintain important records containing the valuable data of its patient including their names, addresses, health issues involved and the information regarding the medical service provider. Since, these records are generally maintained on the electronic basis, they are more prone to the cyber-attacks (Gordon, Fairhall Landman, 2017). Health care services: The healthcare services provided by the hospitals are its major asset. Potential disruption of such services can devastate the health of its patients. Intellectual property assets: The data regarding experimental procedures for the surgeries, results of tests and studies, the information regarding the drugs formula etc. is of high value for the team conducting research work in this medical organisation and also it may be of important for the external parties like other researchers or foreign pharmaceutical competitors. In the events of cyber-attacks such as Ransomware attack the research work of years could disappear. Organisational reputation: The reputation of health care organisation and the medical professionals is highly dependent on their functioning. If the overall functioning of hospital is disrupted due to such cyber-attacks than it will adversely affect the credibility of the institution if it exposed to the general public. Impact on the Ransomware attack on the above identified areas: Disturbed health of patients: The most critical area which can be adversely impacted is the heath of the patients of hospital who can be injured temporarily or permanent as a result of such cyber-attacks. The direct impact of such attacks could be experienced in the inadequate performance of respective functions by the hospital staff towards their patients. Loss of sensitive and significant data and intellectual assets: The valuable records containing significant information of the patients can hamper the performance of the organisation as the absence of necessary data could cause extreme confusion among the hospital staff regarding their clients. Loss of credibility: The disruption from the cyber-attacks can cause severe dissatisfaction among the patients and their relatives which impedes the goodwill of the medical institution in the market. Loss of competitive advantage and sabotage: In the event of non-fulfilment of demands of the attackers the data is exposed to the external world. Consequently, such highly sensitive and valuable data could be revealed to the local competitors or pharmaceutical companies of foreign competitors. Legal repercussions: The loss of sensitive data regarding the patients can call for governmental interventions in the form of heavy penalties and fines. Cyber security controls that can be implemented to protect hospitals from Ransomware attacks: Implementation of antivirus programs: The system users of the hospital organisation must make sure that their systems are duly protected by the authentic antivirus program which is regularly and successfully working in the system so as to prevent and detect any cyber-viruses in their operating systems (Martin, Martin, Hankin, Darzi Kinross, 2017). Use of up to date software: The medical staff must ensure that only those devices are purchased from the market and used in the regular operations that are totally updated to incorporate the most recent security features in such devices. Implementation of firewalls: A firewall is the system of network security that works as a barrier between the authorised and unauthorised network. The hospitals must implement such firewalls to prevent any unauthorised person or event to access the systems of the organisation so as to protect the sensitive and confidential data kept in the electronic mode (Kruse, Frederick, Jacobson Monticone, 2017). Use of unique identification numbers for devices: The computer systems and other medical devices must be password protected so that they can be accessed by the authorised users only. Adequate training to the hospital staff: The employees of medical institutions must be given adequate training to maintain the cyber-security (Luo Liao, 2007). References: Anandarajan, M., Anandarajan, A., Srinivasan, C. A. (Eds.). (2012).Business intelligence techniques: a perspective from accounting and finance. Springer Science Business Media. Chen, H., Chiang, R. H., Storey, V. C. (2012). Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4). Elbashir, M. Z., Collier, P. A., Davern, M. J. (2008). Measuring the effects of business intelligence systems: The relationship between business process and organizational performance.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,9(3), 135-153. Gordon, W. J., Fairhall, A., Landman, A. (2017). Threats to Information SecurityPublic Health Implications.New England Journal of Medicine,377(8), 707-709. Kruse, C. S., Frederick, B., Jacobson, T., Monticone, D. K. (2017). Cybersecurity in healthcare: A systematic review of modern threats and trends.Technology and Health Care,25(1), 1-10. Luo, X., Liao, Q. (2007). Awareness education as the key to ransomware prevention.Information Systems Security,16(4), 195-202. Martin, G., Martin, P., Hankin, C., Darzi, A., Kinross, J. (2017). Cybersecurity and healthcare: how safe are we?.Bmj,358, j3179. Mohurle, S., Patil, M. (2017). A brief study of wannacry threat: Ransomware attack 2017.International Journal,8(5). Negash, S. (2004). Business intelligence.The communications of the Association for Information Systems,13(1), 54. Perlroth, N., Scott, M., Frenkel, S. (2017). Cyberattack Hits Ukraine Then Spreads Internationally.The New York Times. Turban, E., Sharda, R., Delen, D. (2011).Decision support and business intelligence systems. Pearson Education India. Turban, E., Sharda, R., Delen, D. (2011).Decision support and business intelligence systems. Pearson Education India. Watson, H. J., Wixom, B. H. (2007). The current state of business intelligence.Computer,40(9). Williams, S., Williams, N. (2010).The profit impact of business intelligence. Morgan Kaufmann.

Structured Query Language free essay sample

The following paper examines the computer language, SQL which stands for Structured Query Language and shows how this computer language allows a user to pose complex questions of a database. This paper examines how SQL is designed to work with relational databases and contends that it is essential to understand the nature of relational databases to understand both the way in which SQLs work and why there is a need for SQLs to begin with. From the paper: It should be noted that there are related variations on SQL statements. For example, instead of using an SQL statement, it is possible to represent queries in tabular form; this is also known as the query-by-example (or QBE) and it creates a display that is in empty tabular form, which then requires the searcher to enter the search specifications into appropriate columns. The program then constructs an SQL-like query from the table and executes it (http://cloud. We will write a custom essay sample on Structured Query Language or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page al.ru).

Nonfiction Essay Samples - What Is Part of Your Essay Missing?

Nonfiction Essay Samples - What Is Part of Your Essay Missing?You have been searching the internet for nonfiction essay samples, but you are not finding what you are looking for. Does that mean that the instructions and ideas on the websites are flawed? No, there are many quality sites, but you are going to have to look a little bit harder to find some of them.There are some mistakes that I see time again when writing a nonfiction essay. A common mistake is in writing the introduction. Some people do not know how to write a good introduction because they do not read enough. It is also common to begin with an exclamation point instead of using the proper punctuation.Never give too much information, and only use good use of the internet for your writing. You should always make sure that all of your information is included. If you choose to write an outline, then it is important to make sure that it includes an introduction and conclusion. The sample essays are great if you are able to incorporate these two sections.When writing your essay, it is important to know the rules. Writing the first paragraph of your essay before reading the essay itself could save you from having to rewrite it later. Also, a good essay will allow the reader to feel the flow of the story, even if it is just a description of a scene. Good sentences should also be used for the essay and never include a word that you do not mean.Most writers who are unable to write an essay in a simple manner, do not know what to do to make the nonfiction essay readable. There are a few ways that you can start the essay, such as starting it with a question. You do not want to answer every question in the first paragraph, but do not go overboard either. When you have an entire paragraph written, there is no reason to have anything that you do not mean.Another method that is used is to begin at the beginning paragraph with a quotation. You can choose any quotation from a famous author to help define the theme of the essay. When you are unsure about a quotation, simply read it in your head to see if it is appropriate.I do not believe that there are any nonfiction essay samples that are plagiarized by more than one person. Therefore, if you are writing the essay, it is important to get as many ideas from other people as possible. Also, if the writer wishes to provide you with an example of their essay, then please provide a link to the resource on your website.All of the resources and essay samples that you find on the internet are free. Therefore, you do not have to pay any money to have access to the ideas and information. This can be very helpful in making sure that you are able to create a professional-looking essay. If you can get someone to read an essay that you have written and tell you if it is grammatically correct, then you can have all of the essays that you need for the composition process.

Princess Diana Essays (305 words) - House Of Windsor,

Princess Diana Princess Diana was an exceptional leader. Diana worked as a kindergarten teacher in London until her engagement to Prince Charles was announced in February of 1981. She wed Prince Charles in an internationally televised ceremony on July 29, 1981. Almost immediately, "Shy Di" as she was initially called by the press, blossomed into the "people's Princess". Princess Diana contributed to society in so many ways; she would always go the extra mile to help people in need. While she became the president or patron for over 100 charities, there were many more that she raised funds and campaigned for. Diana was the busiest of the royal family. She was not just fulfilling a schedule or participating just for the adulation; she was a person of compassion expressing a genuine love for people. Princess Diana was spontaneous in ways, happily turning away from royal protocol to kiss a child in a crowd or writing letters to individuals of the public and signing them "love, Diana". Her leadership was truly remarkable because she made every effort to reach out to those that not everyone wanted to reach out to. Princess Diana could always be found walking with, hugging, really listening to those people in situations that some might help from a distance such as the sick, the elderly, those with aids, the homeless, the battered, the drug-addicted, people maimed by land mines. Princess Diana led the royal family out of a period of rapidly declining support from the people. Since her death, the royal family continues to make efforts in maintain the closeness with the people that the Princess had formed. They have learned much about leadership from the Princess and it is a legacy to her that the royal family practices what they have learned. In recognition of all her charity work, representatives of the charities with which Princess Diana had worked were asked to walk behind her coffin with her family the day of her funeral.

In Hobsons Choice Essay Example

In Hobsons Choice Essay Example In Hobsons Choice Paper In Hobsons Choice Paper Maggie: I am. Willie however has other ideas. He does not want to marry Maggie; he disagrees with her and thinks that they would not be happy, as he does not love her. He tells her that she is a shapely body and a brilliant sales clerk but as a couple, they would not get far in life without love. Maggie is very strong willed about her idea and no matter what excuse Willie comes up with; Maggie is set on marrying him and leaving her fathers shop. Willie tells Maggie that he is tokened to a girl called Ada Figgins, a helpless girl with whose mother he lodges. Willie is a caring man who is willing to protect Ada, a woman with whom he will have no real future other than what he does now. Maggie however is determined to marry Willie so that he can do well in life. When Maggie finds out that Willie is set to marry Ada Figgins, who is due to arrive at the shop soon with Willies dinner, Maggie is determined to talk to her when she arrives and persuade her or force her not to marry Willie. Willie feels he should protect Ada and he would rather be with her than Maggie. Maggie is ambitious but Willie does not think of himself in that way. Ada arrives at the shop and Maggie immediately confronts her. Maggie: I want a word with you. Youre treading on my foot, young woman. Ada: Me, Miss Hobson? (She looks stupidly at Maggies feet) Maggie realises that Ada Figgins is a poor-spirited and meek woman and Maggie takes full advantage of this. She stands over her and demands to know what is happening between Willie and her. Ada is not very intelligent and she does not realise what Maggie is trying to make clear. Willie tries to intervene on one occasion; to tell Ada that he is against Maggies idea, but is immediately shot down by Maggie. Willie: Ada, she- Maggie: You hold you hush. This is for me and her to settle Willie is trying to speak to Ada to explain that he is not to blame in any way for what Maggie is proposing. Maggie has full control over who speaks, what is said in the discussion, and as she disallows Willie to speak, and Willie obeys her. Afterwards Willie only speaks when he is spoken to and throughout the discussion Maggie is in control of who speaks and what is said. Willie tries to tell Ada that he is against Maggies idea. Willie is stopped speaking by Maggie and when Ada continues to argue, Maggie ends the discussion by asking her what idea she has of Willies future. Ada chooses to let Willie make up his own judgement to which Maggie tells Willie he is to wed her and not Ada. Willie expects Ada to stop this happening, asking her to fight for him. Ada can only weakly complain, while Maggie continues to ignore all other opinions. Willie is again avoiding an argument, asking Ada to stop Maggie, although the audience can clearly see that both Ada and Willie feel threatened by Maggies assertiveness and stubborn attitude. Ada: (weakly) Its daylight robbery. Willie: Arent you going to put up a better fight for me than that, Ada? Youre fair giving me to her. Maggie: Will Mossop, you take orders from me in this shop. Ive told you, youll wed me. Both Ada and Willie dare not argue with Maggie. Maggie knows that Willie does not want to marry her and the way that Maggie forces him into marrying her, lets the audience see that Willie is not a strong willed man, he is submissive towards Maggie and expects Ada to argue on his behalf. When Maggie informs her father of her marriage decision and Hobson is furious. Maggie demands that she is paid a wage and that Willie is employed at the same wage. Maggie and Willie want to be treated as if they are no relation to Hobson, just employees. Maggie: Ill work eight hours a day in future and you will pay me fifteen shillings by the week. if Willie goes, I go Im a value to you, and sos my man Maggie wants to be employed by Hobson so she is no longer employing Willie. It makes them equal as a couple and neither will be superior or inferior as far as class is concerned. Her cheek to him angers Hobson and he calls for Willie to come up from the cellar, unbuckling his belt. Willie comes up out of the trap as Hobson conceals the strap whilst he talks to Willie. Hobson claims that he must beat the love out of Willies body, and Willie tries to explain that the love cannot be beaten out of his body, as there is none there. Hobson promises Willie that he will beat him upon entering work every morning until he does not love Maggie. The audience sees Willie answering Hobson honestly and with respect until Hobson strikes Willie. Here we see a dramatic change as Willies temper flares. Willie: Im none wanting thy Maggie but if you touch me with that belt Ill take her quick, aye and stick to her like glue. Hobson: Theres nobbut one answer to that kind of talk (He strikes with belt) Willie: And Ive nobbut one answer back. Maggie Ive none kissed you yet but, by gum, Ill kiss you now and if Mr Hobson raises up that strap again Ill do more. Ill walk straight out of shop with thee Here we see a dramatic change in Willies character. He is standing up to Hobson and not waiting for Maggie to tell him what to do. Even though Hobson attacks him verbally and physically, Willie does not lose his nerve. Hobsons anger and threats fuel Willies courage. Brighouse has shown that Willie has already begun to change with the support of Maggie. With Maggie backing him, he feels more courageous and he stands up for himself instead of letting Hobson be the master. Act Two Maggie returns to Hobsons in Chapel Street to visit her sisters, Vickey and Alice, and arrange for her own wedding day. Maggie plans to help her sisters also get married and Vickey comments on how Maggie has made it more difficult for herself and Alice to find a suitable husband. Vickey: You havent made it any easier for you, you know. Willie: It wasnt my fault, Miss Vickey, really it wasnt. Maggie: You call her Vickey, Will. Vickey protests to Willie being authorized to call her by her Christian name, and Maggie tries to point out to her that although Willie was once a boot hand employed by Hobson, he is now his own master with his own business and Vickey should accept him as one of the family. Brighouse brings up this point to show that marrying Maggie has changed him because of her influence onto him and also because he is now part of a family, and he is beginning to be accepted in this family. From the last time the audience saw him in the boot shop, Willie has changed from a shy, rabbit around Maggie and her sisters, to someone who is beginning to talk to Hobsons daughters easily. Although he still obeys Maggie, he has begun to speak at times other than when he is requested to speak. Willie does not think it right to call Maggies sister Vickey and not Miss Vickey and he tells Maggie to leave it when she tells Vickey that Willie is theoretically higher in society than both Vickey and Alice. Willie modesty denies the fact and tells Maggies sisters that he may have his name written in the windows but he does not know about being his own master. Willie is a modest and considerate man. Maggies words to her sisters could have been taken, as cutting remarks and Willie is trying not to upset Vickey and Alice by making them feel inferior to a man who was once their inferior. Maggie proudly presents Willies business card, and reads it out to her sisters. She then tells her sisters in a commanding way to kiss Willie, beginning with Vickey who takes a bit of convincing. Maggie: Thats his business card: William Mossop, Practical Boot and Shoe Maker, 39a Oldfield Road, Salford Ill do more than let you call him in his name. You can both of you kiss him for your brother-in-law to be. Willie: Nay, Maggie, Im no great hand at kissing. Maggie: Im waiting, Vickey. Willie: I dont see that you ought to drive her to it Maggie. Brighouse has written the play with Maggie showing her sisters the card, mainly to let the audience see how proud she is of the new business beginning to take shape. Maggie is probably proud because she has done all the work to set the business up. She will have scheduled to have the business cards made and she arranged the loan from Mrs Hepworth. At the first idea of kissing Alice and Vickey Willie is not too keen. He makes an excuse by saying that cannot kiss very well, and Maggie dryly agrees with him. Although Willie is beginning to change, he still obeys Maggie, and as Vickey stated, Maggie always gets her way when she tells someone to do something. Maggie is a very strong person and some of this strength is beginning to wear off onto Willie, his confidence is growing and his personality is starting to become apparent, but Maggie still has the power to control his actions. Willie weakly protests, as he did when Maggie proposed, in a pleading way, as if hoping Maggie will just tire of the idea. He does not try to stop anything happening himself or physically, he attempts change Maggies opinion on her idea to stop things. Although Maggies sisters do not want to kiss Willie and Willie is just as unconcerned, they kiss him and Maggie is satisfied. After the girls kiss Willie his opinion changes from earlier and he enjoys be kissed by the two girls. Vickey kisses Will, who finds he rather likes it Willie: Theres more in kissing nice young women than I thought. Brighouse has made Willie a very innocent character, which may imply that, although he said he was in love with Ada, and she with him, may not have had a physical relationship with her or anyone else, as he is new to kissing. He was nervous before but after kissing both, he realises that he likes it. Brighouse could have written this as a hidden meaning to describe how when Willie follows Maggies advice he is introduced to new and better things. Maggie is showing him what the world outside of the boot shop is like and trying to introduce him to middle class. Maggie comes to the boot shop to pick up some old furniture, which is broken slightly, from the attic, so that Willie can repair it and they can use it in the house. Willie is about to be married and has had time to get accustomed to the idea, but is still respectful and shy towards Maggie. Maggie: Get upstairs, Will. I told you what to bring. Alice: Wait a bit. Maggie: Go on. Willie goes into the house Maggie: Put the chairs on the hand-cart, Will. Willie goes out to street. Maggie speaks to Willie in a calm yet commanding tone, she does not ask him to do things, and she tells him to get on with it but without raising her voice. Alice tells Willie to wait a while, but it is Maggies order that he obeys. Willie respects Maggie and will do anything for her without an argument. Maggie is in control of the situation at all times. Brighouse has left some of Willies stark characteristics that would be expected by the audience to remain, for example, the way he obeys Maggie, the way he used to when she employed him. Although he is about to become her husband, he is so accustomed to being told what to do by Maggie that he still acts as though she is the employer and he the worker. Willie and Maggie discuss their wedding before they leave for the church and Willie becomes determined that he is ready for this marriage. His newfound self-determination shows through and he speaks confidently to Maggie. Willie: its taking summat on to go to church with a wench, and the lord knows what. Maggie: parson going to ask you will you have me and youll either answer truthfully or not at all Willie: Ill tell him yes. Yes, Maggie. Im resigned. Youre growing on me lass. Ill toe the line with you Willie is now sure of himself that he is ready for this wedding and he has made up his mind that he wants to marry Maggie, the answer he gives the parson will be the truth. He has realised that Maggie has already changed his life for the better and he knows that she was correct in thinking that they would make a successful partnership in marriage and business. Brighouse has chosen to have Maggie give Willie an escape route by saying that if he was not sure he did not have to go through with it, this shows that Willie has changed enough to make up his own mind without Maggie telling him what to do. Act Three After the wedding ceremony, Willie stands to make a speech, thanking his guests for attending the wedding. The stage direction tells the audience that he rises, nervously, and rushes his little speech like a child who has learnt a lesson. Willie is confident enough to speak in front of others but his rushing of words shows the audience he is still feeling nervous. Willie: Its a very great pleasure to us to see you here tonight. Its an honour you do us, and I assure you, speaking for my- my wife, as well as for myself, that the the- Maggie: (in an undertone) Generous. Willie: Oh, aye. Thats it. That the generous warmth of the sentiments so cordially expressed by Mr Beenstock and so enthusiastically seconded by no, Ive gotton that wrong road round Willies speech is spoken rushed and prepared, as if he has been taught and rehearsed it to memorise it for this occasion. A child would memorise a role in a play and speak it as though it was being read from a piece of paper in a similar way to Willie, and in reality Willies education makes him like a child. He has not been through school, just life and so being educated in English and so on now is as it is for a child, a completely new experience. When Willie was complimented on his speech, Maggie admits that she has been teaching him, she also tells of the hopes she has of him for the future, and in twenty years time she remarks that Willie will be thought of more than Mr Prosser and Beenstock at the bank. This lets the audience know that Willie has a future and with Maggies help, it is going to be a rich and prosperous future. Although Maggie and Willie are now officially married, the roles and attitudes to one another have not changed. As Maggie prepares to leave she tells Willie that she will need the table on her return and so he better get on with clearing away the used cutlery and crockery and do the washing up. Willie does what Maggie asks; so far, he has listened to Maggies ideas, carried them out and seen his life improve. Willie is not an intelligent man and so Brighouse may have wanted to show the audience that Willies character has not changed, he still carries out Maggies orders but now for different reasons. Before Maggie employed him and so he was paid to do what she said, but now he may have realised that if he does what she suggests or tells him to do, his life changes for the better. When Hobson arrives, Maggie makes a point of asking Willie if he can come in to show Hobson Willies authority. Maggie: Will, its my father. Is he to come in? Willie: (loudly an boldly) Aye, let him come. Maggie is making a huge show of asking Willie permission, and Willie plays along, soundly masterly to show Hobson how he has changed. Had it been any other visitor, Maggie would have invited them in herself without asking Willies consent but as it is her father, she makes sure Hobson knows that Willie is the master of the house and he has changed from being a boot hand to a boot maker with his own firm. Hobson begins to tell Maggie of the trouble of trespassing he is in, something that Maggie already knows about, and something that is also a part in her plan. As soon as he mentions that he is in trouble however, Maggie stands up and walks from the room telling Hobson that she is only in the way. Hobson does not understand, he tells Maggie that he came to speak to her and after some convincing, which would have been unneeded had Maggie not wanted to prove her point to her father, that Willie was a changed and capable man. However, Maggie agrees to sit at the table with Hobson and Willie and, luckily for Willie, help him with his problem. Maggie strengthens Hobsons relationship with Willie and this makes Willie feel uncomfortable and strange. Willie: Sit down Mr Hobson Maggie: You call him father now. Willie: (astonished) Do I? Willie is shocked that he can call Hobson father after years of being employed and paid to call him sir. After hearing Hobsons problem, Willie begins to speak freely about the publicity Hobson will gain when the court case comes near, and his remarks are said with no malicious intent just simplicity. Other peoples troubles is mostly what folks read the paper for, and I reckon its twice the pleasure to them when its trouble of a man they know themselves. (He is perfectly simple and has no malicious intention. ) Brighouse has changed Willies attitude towards Hobson now. Willie used to be very respectful, shy and quiet when speaking to Hobson but now he speaks his mind even though it may not be the correct thing to say at the time. Willie is much more out-going and confident around Hobson when Maggie is there and he tries to help as much as he can, although all he can think of to say to Hobson is no comfort. From the stage directions, we can clearly see who is actually in charge of the household, and who is being made to appear in control. Willie sits right of table. Maggie stands at the head of the table. Hobson sits on sofa. From this stage direction, we can be given the impression that it is, in fact, Maggie in control of the household. It is custom for the head of the house to be seated or positioned at the head of the table, with guests and other along the sides. To an audience this little detail would show that Maggie is the dominant one in the household, Willie comes next in the ranking with Hobson most submissive seated away from the table. When Hobsons patience begins to wear thin with Willie, Willies reaction does not go in the same way. He keeps his temper perfectly calm and reasons with Hobson, explaining his statements. Im not much good at talking, and I always seem to say the wrong things when I do talk. Im sorry if my well-meant words dont suit your taste Willie does not become annoyed when Hobsons becomes angered; he apologises but also defends himself from Hobsons verbal attacks. He tells Hobson that he did not mean any harm by these comments, he was simply speaking his thoughts without realising they could offend anyone. His self-confidence shows through again, more so than the last argument he had with Hobson, as he does not leave to escape any more conflict. He stands his ground without using violence. After all the guests have left Maggie and Willie alone Maggie again reassures Willie that he will be better thought of than either of his new brothers-in-law and then she tells him to bring his slate from the bedroom so she can set him a sentence to copy, thus improving his writing ability gradually. Maggie sets the work and comments on the progress he is making. She tells him to take off his coat to stop it spoiling and asks to see the work he did the night before just as a teacher would set work and then mark it when completed. After setting him a sentence to copy, Maggie makes her way to her bedroom, telling Willie to finish his writing before he comes to bed. Willie finishes his writing and nervous about going into the bedroom he gets undressed and then prepares to sleep on the sofa as he feels he cannot enter the bedroom. He is confused and nervous, and he tosses and turns as he tries to fall into a sleep. Maggie comes back on stage from the bedroom dressed in a nightgown to get Willie into the bedroom. She comes to Will, shines the light on him, takes him by the ear, and returns with him to the bedroom Willie only really does as he is asked, and only if it is Maggie who asks him. He does not really make his own decisions; he relies on Maggie to do the deciding for him. His character is a lot more confident and outgoing from the Willie at the beginning of the play, although inside he is still shy and unsure, and of course obedient to Maggie. Act Four A year later, the scene opens at Hobsons living room at the back of the shop. It is early in the morning and Hobson has called the doctor to visit, as he is unwell. His excessive drinking has led to him becoming so ill, he will have to rely on one of his daughters moving back into the boot shop to care for him. Maggie arrives first and explains that she will have to ask Willies opinion and do as he commands her. Alice refuses to move back, telling her audience that she is too used to a grander life. Vickey arrives lastly and when she hears that she may be chosen to move back she whispers to Maggie, and the audience later finds out that Vickey was explaining that she is pregnant and so cannot be expected to leave her husband. Alice and Vickey scorn Maggie for her excuse, as they say that Maggie will do as she pleases and Willie could not stop her. Maggie informs them that Willie has changed a great deal since their last meeting him. This allows the audience to realise that within the year that has passed Willie has changed in the charming man that was hard to see underneath the lack of intelligence at the beginning of the play.

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